Sunday 20 April 2014

The Citadel of Damascus



cahaya.comDamascus is located at the position of 30ー37エ and 30ー33 East longitude North latitude. The capital of the Republic of Syria. Since ancient Damascus is famous for its many rivers and waterways.

Initially, the small farming town of Damascus is located in the waters of the river of Bardi. Because it is very convenient for the Centre of trade, then there's a lot there is a market. On the third millennium BCE, Damascus is one of the oldest inhabited cities in the world have become the kingdoms of Aramid capital going forward.

It is located at the junction of the road leading into Iraq and the Arabian subcontinent, making Damascus be an important trade center. The movement of the Islamic conquests began entering Damascus at the hands of Khalid bin Walid and Abu Ubaidah bin Jarrah.

Since the establishment of Bani Umaiyah, Damascus was made the capital of the Caliphate by Muawiya bin Abu Sufyan who survived until the dynasty fell. Furthermore, Damascus became one of the powers of the Bani Abbas. Once the capital city during the time of Caliph Mutawakkil, but only briefly.

In the course of its history, Damascus never past the gray days until restored by Sultan Nur ad-Din (1154 M H/549). Since then Damascus opened a new sheet in prosperity and strength. Damascus reached its height during the reign of Salahuddin Al-Ayyubi.

After it came back as before, became a Mamluk dynasty territory following Ottoman dynasty. The rulers of the Ottoman Empire has concerned Damascus because of its position which is important in terms of religious and trade.Since Islam is still early, Damascus is famous as a city of students. Because of the many schools that were there. At the time of Salahuddin Al-Ayyubi the number of schools achieving 20 pieces, among them; Adiliah school, Dhahiriah School, Jamqumiah School, Rawahiah School, Shalahiah School, Asadiah School, school ' Ashruniah school ' Aziziah and others. Also famous for its libraries. The most famous are the school library Adiliah. In ancient times, Damascus is also famous for its number of hospitals belonging to certain medical institutions and the number of medical schools.

Throughout the history of the Islamic Caliphate that alternates, Damascus has many great scholars, such as bringing forth; Hafiz Abdul Aziz At-Timiy, Hafiz Abu Zar'ah Islam Shaykh al-Hadith leading figures of Ibn Taymiah, Ibn ' Asakir, Abu Syamah, Ibn Katheer, Ibn Malik Ibn Syathir, Ibn Rashid, Ibn Nafis and Baythar.The most famous are the mosque and its historical relics Umawi known was the Damascus Citadel.

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